Cargill salt mine 3 Why is there salt located underneath Lake Erie? about 1800 feet CLEVELAND, Ohio Deep beneath Lake Erie is a massive salt mine, stretching from Edgewater Beach to Burke Lakefront Airport and north about 3 miles. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Ferryboats connect different parts of the state together, providing transportation between other parts of Michigan that tourists may not have access to otherwise. These are notes that I am writing to help me learn our industrial history. 1,800 feet Where did the salt come from under Lake Erie? A system of conveyor belts and elevators bring the salt to the surface. Evidently it is the Cargill mine that is the worlds largest. Driving by the mine above ground, you would never know that its there. Under Lake Erie, though, Cargill has to lease land from only one owner - the state of Ohio. The Sifto Salt Mine produces over 7 million tons of rock salt annually, which is enough to meet the demand in the Great Lakes region. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. This was in preparation for our exhibit at SPACES gallery in Cleveland Ohio which opened on January 29th. There are several ecosystems on the lake, each with its own set of animals and water quality issues to be aware of. Hutchinson seized the unique opportunity to provide a destination attraction for the citizens of Kansas, the United States, and the world to explore an exotic environ carved from salt deposits formed 280 million years ago, 650 feet below the surface. Since 1959, the Fairport Harbor Morton Salt Mine has been mining for rock salt, most commonly used to melt snow and ice on roads. significant and substantial, according to the Mine Safety and Health Administration website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The Great Lakes Storm of 1913, the "White Hurricane", Flood of 2019: Reduced Nuclear and Hydro Power. Natural gas and anthracite coal exploration led to the accidental discovery of salt along the Lake Erie shoreline in the later half of the 19th century. There are many different types of picnicking you can do at Lake Erie. Overfishing, pollution, and algae blooms are some of the issues that have plagued Lake Erie in the past. About 2,000 feet under Lake Erie, 30 miles east of Cleveland in Fairport Harbor, Ohio, youll find a vast site called the Morton Salt Mine. Allen 1936-2015 Bridge over Red River in Alex World's largest salt mine is under Lake Erie. This is the noxious goo that cut off about 500,000 Toledo-area residents from their tap water for three days in 2014 and made at least 110 people ill. What is the biggest fish in Lake Erie? How deep is the salt mine under Lake Erie? Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. mine. Be sure to pack insect repellent, as mosquitoes can occur in certain areas. 3 Why is there salt located underneath Lake Erie? Ohio Attorney General Mike DeWine filed an antitrust lawsuit in 2012 against Cargill and Morton Salt, which has a mine at Fairport Harbor, claiming they conspired to keep road salt prices artificially high. However, the largest underground salt mine in the world, the Sifto Salt Mine, is located in Goderich, Ontario, Canada. The Great Lakes Superior, Huron, Michigan, Ontario and Erie make up the largest body of fresh water on Earth, accounting for one-fifth of the freshwater surface on the planet at 6 quadrillion gallons. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. "We also have competitors.". This vast deposit lies 2,000 feet below Lake Erie. What is the largest salt mine in the world? Flood of 2019: Bomb cyclone and melting heavy snow CN/IC Southern Bridge over Little Calumet River. The automobile industry dominates the economy, along with natural gas, salt mining, and the worlds largest sandstone quarry. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Whats the most dangerous fish in Lake Erie? Rock salt, used to melt snow and ice on roads, is often dyed blue so that it stands out when its dispensed on the street. Near the shores of Cleveland, its about 65 ft. During an average winter, the mine will produce approximately 4 million tons of rock salt. A typical coal mine is 100 to 200 feet below ground, he said, while the Cargill salt mine is 1,700 feet below the bottom of the lake, which means it's highly unlikely a breach of the mine would contaminate the lake. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. How deep are the salt mines in Hutchinson Kansas? Can you tour the salt mines under Lake Erie? Enormous machines drill into great veins of halite, extracting huge chunks that other enormous machines crush into bucketloads of salt that ascend on conveyors. The Great Lakes are the largest freshwater system in the world. The lake is also home to many different fish species, so that anglers will find plenty of opportunities for fishing. It does not store any personal data. When seas dry up, there is no place for the salt to go, so it crystallized out and settles to the bottom. 2 How deep is the salt mine under Lake Erie? So, while Lake Erie is technically a freshwater lake, the level of salinity can vary depending on location and depth. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The shallower waters of western Lake Erie, Lake Michigan near Green Bay, and Lake Huron at Saginaw Bay are flirting with 80 degrees. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. How far under Lake Erie is the salt mine? Burrowing beneath Lake Erie The sewer district engineered the tunnel to go under the lake in part because the cost of acquiring lake-shore property or easements would likely be greater than the extra cost to lengthen the tunnel and burrow under the lake, officials said. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 6 Why is the rock salt mine in Cleveland blue? We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Theyre an extension of the St. Lawrence range of fault lines, and not as active as the New Madrid fault lines. Worlds largest salt mine is under Lake Erie. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. YouTubes privacy policy is available here and YouTubes terms of service is available here. Then it is dried and refined. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Cargill The mine could be anywhere in the Great Eastern Salt Basin, under a huge area stretching from Michigan to New York, through Ontario. It is the worlds oldest, coldest lake, and around 80\% of its animal species are endemic (not found anywhere else). This vast deposit lies 2,000 feet below Lake Erie. "We don't want anybody in that area in case part of the roof comes down," Klein said.The problem is called "convergence," Klein said. Private citizens had searched for oil since the Civil War. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Evidently it is the Cargill mine that is the worlds largest. You could delve anywhere in that swath to find salt. You can tube on the lake or on one of the many rivers flowing into it. 5 When did Cargill stop mining salt in Lake Erie? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Cargill Lake Erie has several major commercial shipping ports. 4 How long has the salt mine been under Lake Erie? ODNR inspectors will stay in contact with Cargill and its experts, he said, while Cargill will determine "what action they are going to take to remedy the situation.". About 2,000 feet under Lake Erie, 30 miles east of Cleveland in Fairport Harbor, Ohio, youll find a vast site called the Morton Salt Mine. Copyright 2023 Quick-Advice.com | All rights reserved. The water comes from the layers of rock in between Lake Erie and the mine, not from the lake itself, Horne said. CLEVELAND, Ohio -- The Cargill salt mine below Lake Erie has stopped mining because of concerns that the roof 1,800 feet below ground could collapse.That's according to Cargill spokesman Mark Klein, who said the company stopped mining salt on Monday after its first shift, sending about 100 employees home for the week with pay. Private citizens had searched for oil since the Civil War. The mine has been operating for more than 50 years and has been owned by Cargill since 1997. We started this blog as a place to go to when we had questions about buying our first home on the lake. Tunnels into Lake Erie were needed because by 1876 the increased sewage flow from the rapidly growing city had transformed its water supply into a health hazard. One of those had to do with keeping The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Beside above, is there salt in Lake Erie? Cargill has two other rock salt mines, in New York and Louisiana. The best time to do them is during the colder months (late winter through early spring). CLEVELAND, Ohio -- The Cargill salt mine below Lake Erie has stopped mining because of concerns that the roof 1,800 feet below ground could collapse. My Cash is Clear Learning Systems educate accountants and CFOs on cash flow . The cave runs for six miles, making it the longest salt cave in the world - and it is still growing. Natural gas and anthracite coal exploration led to the accidental discovery of salt along the Lake Erie shoreline in the later half of the 19th century. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? Its president, Gary Tiboni, could not immediately be reached for comment. Is Taco Bell healthier than other fast food? +1.801.510.3566 david@davidsafeer.com<br><br>I am globally recognized as a cash flow optimization expert. The room and pillar method of mining is a way to excavate material while supporting the ceiling. Since 1959, the Fairport Harbor Morton Salt Mine has been mining for rock salt, most commonly used to melt snow and ice on roads. Both Cargill and Morton have salt mines under Lake Erie. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Natural gas and anthracite coal exploration led to the accidental discovery of salt along the Lake Erie shoreline in the later half of the 19th century. Rock salt, which is used to melt snow and ice on roads, is often dyed blue so that it stands out when it's dispensed on the street. 12 rare photos inside a beautiful mine thats hidden 2,000 feet below Lake Erie. The automobile and shipping industries dominate the economy in the Lake Erie region. Tubing doesnt require reservations or tickets, meaning you can just hop on the next boat when youre ready! Lake Erie is very shallow on the Western Basin, but deeper on the eastern side of the lake near New York, northwestern Ohio and Pennsylvania. Flood of 2019: The river side of Offut Air Force B CN/GTW Bridge over Battle Creek near Battle Creek, MI. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Flood of 2019: IAIS/Rock Island 1900 Quadrangular Two nuclear plants are being built after a 30 year IL-104 Bridges over Illinois River at Meredosia, IL. This is the noxious goo that cut off about 500,000 Toledo-area residents from their tap water for three days in 2014 and made at least 110 people ill. What is the biggest fish in Lake Erie? Both Cargill and Morton have salt mines under Lake Erie. In solution mining, wells are erected over salt beds or domes (deposits of salt forced up out of the earth by tectonic pressure) and water is injected to dissolve the salt. Where does the water come from in the Cargill salt mine? For comparison, the largest of the Great Lakes (Lake Superior) is only 25\% as deep, with a maximum depth of 1,333ft (406m). Why is there salt located underneath Lake Erie? In 2010, Cargill Deicing Technology announced it was spending $13.8 million to expand the capacity of the mine operations based on Whiskey Island at the mouth of the Cuyahoga River. It accounts for one-fifth of the freshwater in the planet that reaches about six quadrillion gallons. There are no sharks in Lake Erie, pronounces Officer James Mylett of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR). The mine could be anywhere in the Great Eastern Salt Basin, under a huge area stretching from Michigan to New York, through Ontario. During low temps, such as in summer months, the water temp reached 70s F (21 C to 24 C). I guess it's only a matter of time then: https://www.wimp.com/oil-drillers-miscalculate-and-drill-into-a-salt-mine-under-a-lake/. Why is the mine under Lake Erie? The part has dark skies, making it a great star-gaze spot. Why is the mine under Lake Erie? It would also erode the walls of your drill hole, so the water intrusion would grow quickly. Wildlife viewing in Lake Erie includes diving for shipwrecks, public parks, biking, islands, water sports, and lighthouses. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Men work in the salt mine underneath Detroit in this undated photo. Each year, cities throughout the US scatter 19.5 million tons of salt on icy, snowy roads. Kirk Rudzinski has heard his fair share of fishing stories as owner of the East End Angler bait shop. A Tuscarawas County judge dismissed one of the counts, which claimed monopolization, in April, while another count claiming conspiracy still is proceeding, said Dan Tierney, spokesman with the Ohio Attorney General's Office. Michigan has many shorelines perfect for kayaking. The mine can produce 4 million tons of rock salt each year, but because of mild winters, the last two years the mine has produced about 75 percent of an average year. It does not store any personal data. This website participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The Great Lakes are not (noticeably) salty because water flows into them as well as out of them, carrying away the low concentrations of minerals in the water. The discovery of the cave, in 1813, is credited to Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry, hero of the battle of Lake Erie. The saltiest water in Lake Erie is usually found near the bottom of the lake, where the water is dense. The company is still operating and shipping salt, its just not mining any new salt, Klein said. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. The water levels and weather patterns can change quickly, which affects the ecosystem and economy. The salt in Lake Erie comes from the surrounding clay and silt deposits. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Both Cargill and Morton have salt mines under Lake Erie. The more than 50-year-old mine rests 1800 feet below the. They mine under the lake because then they have to deal with only one land owner, Ohio State. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". CLEVELAND, Ohio Deep beneath Lake Erie is a massive salt mine, stretching from Edgewater Beach to Burke Lakefront Airport and north about 3 miles. Livingston County, New York, location of American Rock Salt, the largest operating salt mine in the United States with a capacity for producing up to 18,000 tons each day. But under Lake Erie, Cargill has to lease land from only one landowner: the state of Ohio. Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co. (later True Value Dave Nobbe: Salt Yes, short career no. About 220, with 160 of them below ground. An ODNR inspector will monitor progress and the mine will not reopen until ODNR gives its approval, Bruce said. What deficiency causes a preterm infant respiratory distress syndrome? Visitors can also enjoy shipping traffic and ferryboats while in the area. A lot of that salt is mined in Ohio, pulled from the remains of massive inland sea that dried up more than 400 million years ago. Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day. 2023 Advance Local Media LLC. Lots of large bubbles would blow out bubbling to the surface of Lake Erie. Cargill Deicing Technology extracts as much as 4 million tons of salt each year from the maze of tunnels, to sell as far as Minnesota and Massachusetts. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. How long has the salt mine been under Lake Erie? Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. How deep are the salt mines under the Great Lakes? How do I bring my crepe myrtle back to life? Manufacturing equipment and detritus is pretty common in Cleveland, so I dont think people think too much into this, Rhodes said. No, Lake Erie is not a saltwater lake. Where does Cargill get its salt from under Lake Erie? Waterworks Tunnel DisastersWater intakes built beyond the polluted shoreline yielded only temporary improvement. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. CLEVELAND, Ohio Deep beneath Lake Erie is a massive salt mine, stretching from Edgewater Beach to Burke Lakefront Airport and north about 3 miles. The answer is NO! Ohio produces 5 million tons of rock salt every year, much of it mined by Morton Salt. How is salt transported to the Great Lakes? A system of conveyor belts and elevators bring the salt to the surface. Instead of referring to clump-free salt, it now describes a situation when, after one negative thing happens, more bad luck follows. Sifto Salt Mine. The mine could be anywhere in the Great Eastern Salt Basin, under a huge area stretching from Michigan to New York, through Ontario. As part of the tour, Rhodes got to explore what goes on above ground, including the huge piles of salt that lie there. About 2,000 feet under Lake Erie, 30 miles east of Cleveland in Fairport Harbor, Ohio, youll find a vast site called the Morton Salt Mine. Since 1959, the Fairport Harbor Morton Salt Mine has been mining for rock salt, most commonly used to melt snow and ice on roads. The company opened a mine in Fairport Harbor, 30 miles east of Cleveland, in 1958. 4. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. 4 Which Great Lake has a salt mine under it? The cave lies 52 feet below the surface of South Bass Island in Lake Erie. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Copyright 2022 lakeaccess.org - Sitemap, How to Get Rid of Algae in a Lake? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. An Israeli research team discovered Malham Cave beneath the mountain. Morton has a mine in Fairport Harbor, also under Lake Erie. How long will the Cargill salt mine last? We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. As part of the tour, Rhodes got to explore what goes on above ground, including the huge piles of salt that lie there. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Tubing is a great activity to enjoy at Lake Erie. The 12-square-mile mine lies just offshore of downtown Cleveland. Many different types of tubes are available, including scenic routes, family-friendly options, and even thrill rides. Lake Erie What money is available for senior citizens? What is the meaning of the Morton Salt girl? 2,000 feet When did Cargill stop mining salt in Lake Erie? Under Lake Erie, though, Cargill has to lease land from only one owner the state of Ohio. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Lake Erie is the most densely populated Great Lake, and its basin includes a large percentage of agricultural land. Go under Lake Erie, inside the Cargill salt mine. Lake Erie is a popular tourist destination with many commercial and recreational fisheries. (Ohio is the fifth biggest producer of rock salt in the country.) 6 Why no glass is allowed to be brought into a salt mine? The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. How deep is the salt mine under Lake Erie? Bass fishing is another popular activity and can be done in both freshwater and saltwater environments. Some of the most popular include songbirds and predatory birds. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Despite the vast number of wrecks, only an estimated 375 of them have been found.. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". While temperatures have reached as high as 85 F (29 C), water temperatures are generally in the low 70s F (21 C to 24 C) during the summer months, making Lake Erie a popular recreational area. 4 Is there a salt mine under Lake Michigan? Which Great Lake has a salt mine under it? Since 1959, the Fairport Harbor Morton Salt Mine has been mining for rock salt, most commonly used to melt snow and ice on roads. Lake Erie is a freshwater lake. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Private citizens had searched for oil since the Civil War. Under Lake Erie, though, Cargill has to lease land from only one owner the state of Ohio. "We're looking for movements of like one one-hundredths of an inch," he said.The mine has been operating for more than 50 years and has been owned by Cargill since 1997. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The salt is extracted from the face of the mine using ammonium nitrate explosives. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. How long has the mine been here? The working face of the Morton mine is three miles under the lake and 2000 under. Geologic history covers an almost unimaginable span of time. Who invented Google Chrome in which year? These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots? Why is there salt located underneath Lake Erie? The working face of the Morton mine is three miles under the lake and 2000 under. Waterworks Tunnel DisastersWater intakes built beyond the polluted shoreline yielded only temporary improvement. Under Lake Erie, though, Cargill has to lease land from only one owner the state of Ohio. about 1800 feet How far away should your wheels be from the curb when parallel parking? In northeastern Ohio there are fault lines both in Lake Erie and inland. The other Cargill salt mine under Lake Erie near Cleveland produces about 3 million tons a year. Lake Erie is the shallowest of the 5 great lakes. Salinity is the amount of salt in a body of water. The wooden steam barge Margaret Olwill sank in 50 feet of water during a norester in 1899. The Euclid Creek Tunnel is next to be built and will actually extend under Lake Erie for about half a mile along the shoreline. 2 Why is there salt under the Great Lakes? Morton has a mine in Fairport Harbor, also under Lake Erie. Canyon Lake Texas: The Most Beautiful Place in Texas. There are plenty of places to rent tubes and life jackets, so you can safely enjoy this activity. Eight people died, including the captain, his wife and their 9-year-old son. Why is there salt located underneath Lake Erie? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. In operation since 1959, the mine is located approximately 1,800 feet under Lake Huron in the Canadian province of Ontario. Perrys Cave, registered as an Ohio Natural Landmark, is a natural limestone cave steeped in historical tradition. The hypoxic Lake Erie water coming into the Cleveland Water Nottingham Water Treatment Plant is causing the yellow to light brown tint coming out of your taps, Cleveland Water explained. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The salt in Lake Erie comes from many different places. Morton Salt Mine runs about 3 miles (4.8 km) under Lake Erie. "Over the past few weeks we've seen some data points that we need to do more study on," Klein said.Asked if the company has had previous safety concerns with the mine, Klein said, "Nothing quite like this. Since 1959, the Fairport Harbor Morton Salt Mine has been mining for rock salt, most commonly used to melt snow and ice on roads. Once the drill broke through to the bottom of Lake Erie, the lake water would start draining down into your salt mine. Great Salt Lake, lake in northern Utah, U.S., the largest inland body of salt water in the Western Hemisphere and one of the most saline inland bodies of water in the world. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Advance Local. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Evidently it is the Cargill mine that is the worlds largest. ensuring safe passage on the site. the workplace neat and clean and the other with How many tons of salt does Morton mine produce per year? The salt is extracted from the face of the mine using ammonium nitrate explosives. Which Great Lake has a salt mine under it? There are plenty of scenic spots along the shoreline where you can set up your blanket and enjoy a meal with a view. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The geographical features of Lake Erie have played a significant role in the wildlife that inhabits it. Lake Erie is a freshwater lake located between the United States and Canada. "Klein said Cargill monitors measurements of the shaft and the room at the bottom of the mine on a regular basis. O.K. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Plus, Cargill can ship the salt all over the Great Lakes. Additionally, the region is home to many large metropolitan areas, making it an accessible tourist destination for visitors worldwide. Why is the mine under Lake Erie? Most of it is used to de-ice roads. How do you get the chest in the foundry in Darksiders 2. [Lake Erie] holds one of the highest concentrations of shipwrecks in the world, with nearly 3,000 sunken ships at its bottom. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The average depth of Lake Erie is only about 62 feet (210 feet, maximum). We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 9 How much rock salt is produced in Ohio? A lot of that salt is mined in Ohio, pulled from the remains of . The Great Lakes are not (noticeably) salty because water flows into them as well as out of them, carrying away the low concentrations of minerals in the water, writes Michael Moore of Toronto. How much does trucking school cost in Colorado? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. When visiting Lake Erie for wildlife viewing, visitors can expect to see various wildlife, including snakes, insects, and birds. Not only is Lake Superior the largest of the Great Lakes, it also has the largest surface area of any freshwater lake in the world. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. They are my best understanding, but that does not mean they are a correct understanding.